Materials
Extensive Material Selection
Quick Spring offers springs made to specification and a wide range of material options. Select the right material for your application or consult with a Quick Spring engineer for assistance to learn the best options. Common considerations with regards to material include operating temperature, corrosion resistance requirements and the spring parameters needed. With Quick Spring engineering support, you will be confident you are using the right material for your project every time.
| High Carbon Steels | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Material | Nominal Chemistry | Density (lb/in3) | Minimum Tensile Strength (psi X 106) | Modulus of Elasticity (E)(psi X 106) | Modulus in Torsion (G)(psi X 106) | Maximum Operating Temperature | Description & Primary Use |
| Music Wire | C 0.70-1.00% Mn 0.20-0.70% | 0.284 | 230-399 | 30 | 11.5 | 250°F | High quality spring wire that is cold drawn with good surface finish. Highly magnetic. Generally good fatigue life due to high tensile strength. |
| Hard Drawn MB | C 0.45-0.85% Mn 0.30-1.30% | 0.284 | Class I: 147 - 283, Class II: 171 - 324 | 30 | 11.5 | 250°F | General purpose spring wire for low average stress applications. Cold drawn to desired properties. Highly magnetic. |
| Oil Tempered MB | C 0.55-0.85% Mn 0.30-1.20% | 0.284 | Class I: 165 - 293, Class II: 191 - 324 | 30 | 11.5 | 250°F | General purpose spring wire for average stress applications. Highly magnetic. Often used for larger wire sizes when Music Wire is not available. |
| Alloy Steels | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Material | Nominal Chemistry | Density (lb/in3) | Minimum Tensile Strength (psi X 106) | Modulus of Elasticity (E)(psi X 106) | Modulus in Torsion (G)(psi X 106) | Maximum Operating Temperature | Description & Primary Use |
| Oil Tempered Chrome Silicon | C 0.51 - 0.59% Cr 0.60 - 0.80% Si 1.20 - 1.60% | 0.284 | 224-300 | 30 | 11.5 | 475°F | Alloy steel spring wire used for shock loads and moderately elevated temperatures. Highly magnetic. Available in Valve Spring quality in accordance with ASTM A877 |
| Oil Tempered Chrome Vanadium | C 0.48 - 0.53% V 0.15 Min% Mn 0.70 - 0.90% Cr 0.80 - 1.10% | 0.284 | 190 - 300 | 30 | 11.5 | 425°F | Alloy steel spring wire used for shock loads and moderately elevated temperatures. Highly magnetic. Available in Valve Spring quality in accordance with ASTM A232. |
| Stainless Steels | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Material | Nominal Chemistry | Density (lb/in3) | Minimum Tensile Strength (psi X 106) | Modulus of Elasticity (E)(psi X 106) | Modulus in Torsion (G)(psi X 106) | Maximum Operating Temperature | Description & Primary Use |
| Stainless Steel 302/304 | Cr 17.0 - 20.0% Ni 8.0 - 10.5% | 0.286 | 130 - 325 | 28 | 10 | 550°F | General purpose corrosion and heat resistant spring wire. Slightly magnetic. Type 304 has less carbon than Type 302, however considered commercially equivalent for stock springs. |
| Stainless Steel 316 | Cr 16.5 - 18.0% Ni 10.5 - 13.5% Mo 2.0 - 2.5% | 0.286 | 125 - 245 | 28 | 10 | 550°F | General heat resistant spring wire and better corrosion resistant than Type 302/204. Slightly magnetic. Often used in marine applications, resists chloride attack. |
| Stainless Steel 17-7 PH | Cr 16.0 - 18.0% Ni 6.5 - 7.7% Al 0.75 - 1.5% | 0.282 | Cond. CH900: 230 - 343 | 29.5 | 11 | 600°F | Improved strength over 300 Series stainless steels with similar heat and corrosion resistance. Slightly magnetic. Material is precipitation hardened after spring fabrication to achieve desired properties. |
| Copper Alloys | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Material | Nominal Chemistry | Density (lb/in3) | Minimum Tensile Strength (psi X 106) | Modulus of Elasticity (E)(psi X 106) | Modulus in Torsion (G)(psi X 106) | Maximum Operating Temperature | Description & Primary Use |
| Phosphor Bronze | Cu 94.0 - 96.0% Sn 4.0 - 6.0% | 0.320 | 105 - 145 | 15 | 6.25 | 200°F | Non-ferrous spring wire with good corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity. Non-magnetic. |
| Beryllium Copper | Cu 98.0% Be 1.8 - 2.0% | 0.298 | 160 - 230 | 18.5 | 7 | 400°F | Non-ferrous spring wire with good corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity. Improved strength over phosphor bronze and non-magnetic. Material is precipitation hardened after spring fabrication to achieve desired properties. |
| Brass | Cu 68.5 - 71.5% Zn 28.5 - 31.5% | 0.308 | 120 min | 16 | 6 | 200°F | Good combination of strength and ductility for cold working. Properties based on 70-30 Spring Brass (C26000) sub-type. Used in fresh water and seawater applications. |
| Monel 400 | Ni 63.0 min% Cu 28.0 - 34.0% | 0.318 | 145 - 180 | 26 | 9.5 | 450°F | Nickel-copper alloy spring wire good corrosion resistance at moderately elevated temperatures. Good mechanical properties for subzero temperature applications. Generally resistant to hydrofluoric, sulfuric, and hydrochloric acids. Typical for marine and chemical processing applications. |
| Monel K 500 | Ni 63.0 min% Cu 27.0 - 33.0% Al 2.3 - 3.1% | 0.305 | 160 - 200 | 26 | 9.5 | 550°F | Similar corrosion and heat resistance to Monel 400 with better strength. Good for subzero and cryogenic applications. |
| Nickel Alloys | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Material | Nominal Chemistry | Density (lb/in3) | Minimum Tensile Strength (psi X 106) | Modulus of Elasticity (E)(psi X 106) | Modulus in Torsion (G)(psi X 106) | Maximum Operating Temperature | Description & Primary Use |
| Inconel 600 | Ni 72.0 min% Cr 14.0 - 17.0% Fe 6.0 - 10.0% | 0.306 | 140 - 185 | 31 | 11 | 700°F | Good corrosion resistance and mechanical properties at moderately elevated temperatures. Also good for cryogenic applications. Used in chemical processing, heat-treating, and aerospace industries. |
| Inconel 718 | Ni 50.0 - 55.0% Cr 17.0 - 21.0% Fe 11.0 - 24.0% | 0.298 | 210 - 250 | 29 | 11.2 | 1100°F | Better strength and heat resistance over Inconel 600. Material is precipitation hardened after spring fabrication to achieve desired properties. |
| Inconel X750 | Ni 70.0 min% Cr 14.0 - 17.0% Fe 5.0 - 9.0% | 0.298 | No.1 Temper: 155 Min Spring Temper:180 - 220 | 31 | 12 | 750 - 1100°F | Better strength over Inconel 600. Material is precipitation hardened after spring fabrication to achieve desired properties. No.1 Temper provides better heat resistance. |
| Elgiloy | Co 39.0 - 41.0% Ni 15.0 - 16.0% Cr 19.0 - 21.0% Fe 15.0 - 18.0% | 0.300 | 270 - 330 | 32 | 12 | 850°F | Cobalt-Nickel alloy known for strength and non-magnetic qualities. Excellent corrosion resistance, good for acetic acid, ammonium chloride, citric acid, sodium chloride and sodium sulfite. Material is precipitation hardened after spring fabrication to achieve desired properties. |
| NiSpan C | Fe 45.0 - 51.0% Ni 41.0 - 43.5% Cr 4.9 - 5.75% Tr 2.25 - 2.75% Al 0.3 - 0.8% | 0.291 | 150 - 190 | 24.0 - 29.0 | 9.0 - 10.0 | 150°F | Special alloy that is heat-treatable to have a constant modulus over a range of operating temperatures. Material is not stainless and is magnetic. Typically used in timing devices, weighing and geophysical instruments. |
| Hastelloy (C276) | Ni 51.0 - 63.5% Cr 14.5 - 16.5% Mo 15.0 - 17.0% Fe 4.0 - 7.0% W 3.0 - 4.5% | 0.321 | 100 - 200 | 30.7 | 11.8 | 800°F | Good corrosion resistance in chemical process environments. Known for excellent resistance to sulfur and chloride compounds. Useful in marine and waste treatment industries. |